2025 AZ Legislative Scorecard
The following scorecard lists several key votes in the Arizona State Legislature in 2025 and ranks state representatives and senators based on their fidelity to (U.S.) constitutional and limited-government principles.
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Senate Votes
HCR2041 applies to Congress for an Article V constitutional convention to propose a U.S. constitutional amendment imposing term limits on members of Congress.
The Arizona State Senate passed HCR2041 on May 7, 2025 by a vote of 13 to 12. We have assigned pluses to the nays because term limits undermine the right of the people to choose their representatives. More importantly, efforts to call an Article V “convention of the states” are dangerous and must be opposed. Although framed as limited, such a convention could become a “runaway convention” with the power to rewrite or significantly alter the U.S. Constitution—jeopardizing the very protections that limit government power. Article V was intended to correct structural defects in the Constitution, not to address the failure of elected officials to uphold their oath of office. Instead of risking a constitutional convention, states should use Article VI to enforce the Constitution as written by nullifying unconstitutional federal laws. Upholding and applying the Constitution—not rewriting it—is the proper remedy for federal overreach.
HB2017 restricts the use of voting centers and caps precinct size to 1,000 registered voters. Under the bill, county supervisors must establish precinct boundaries comprising no more than 1,000 registered voters per precinct and cannot authorize voting centers except during emergencies via a specific resolution outlining locations and hours. All other polling places must be traditional precinct locations.
The Arizona State Senate passed HB2017 on April 29, 2025 by a vote of 17 to 12. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because this bill strengthens election integrity by eliminating the use of large voting centers and restoring traditional, manageable precinct-level voting. By capping precinct size and requiring in-person voting at designated precincts, HB2017 helps ensure greater transparency, accountability, and local oversight. Large voting centers, as seen in disputed elections in places such as Philadelphia, Atlanta, and Detroit, centralize ballot counting in ways that increase the risk of fraud, ballot tampering, and delayed vote reporting. In contrast, counting ballots at the precinct level reduces the likelihood of manipulation by requiring more personnel to coordinate any fraud and enabling faster, more transparent results. Decentralized vote counting also facilitates immediate public posting of results, protects the chain of custody, and restores trust in the electoral process. HB2017 is a vital step toward restoring lawful, verifiable elections rooted in local control and constitutional principles.
SB1498 mandates that federal law-enforcement officers who are not certified peace officers in Arizona must obtain written permission from the county sheriff before conducting arrests, searches, or seizures within the state. If a federal employee has probable cause to believe that the subject of an arrest, search, or seizure has a close connection with the county sheriff and is likely to be informed of the impending action, the federal employee instead obtain written permission from the state attorney general. The bill also allows a county attorney to prosecute a person who executes an unlawful arrest, search, or seizure for kidnapping, trespass, theft, or homicide, if applicable. The county attorney may not refuse to prosecute after the county sheriff or a designee claims that a violation has occurred. Failure to abide by this mandate subjects the county attorney to recall by the voters and prosecution by the attorney general for official misconduct.
The Arizona State Senate passed SB1498 on March 13, 2025 by a vote of 17 to 11. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because this bill affirms the constitutional authority of local law enforcement and protects Arizona’s sovereignty under the 10th Amendment. By requiring federal agents to obtain written permission from a county sheriff before conducting arrests, searches, or seizures, SB1498 reinforces the proper decentralized structure of government. Sheriffs are elected by and accountable to the people they serve, not to Washington, D.C. This local accountability is essential to preserving self-government and preventing the rise of a nationalized police force. For decades, the federal government has used grants, military equipment, and interagency partnerships to erode local independence and militarize law enforcement, transforming peace officers into federal enforcers. SB1498 pushes back against this unconstitutional trend by placing clear legal limits on federal intrusion and restoring the sheriff’s role as the highest law-enforcement authority within the county. This legislation is a vital step in preserving liberty, protecting communities, and upholding the Constitution’s vision of federalism and local self-governance.
SB1495 prohibits the Arizona National Guard from being deployed into active-duty combat unless the U.S. Congress has issued an official declaration of war or explicitly called forth the National Guard under Article I, Section 8, Clause 15 of the U.S. Constitution. The bill defines "active-duty combat" as participation in armed conflict, performing hazardous services related to armed conflict in a foreign state, or performing duties through an instrumentality of war. Additionally, it defines "official declaration of war" as one made by the U.S. Congress pursuant to Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 of the U.S. Constitution
The Arizona State Senate passed SB1495 on March 5, 2025 by a vote of 16 to 13. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because his tbill would nullify unconstitutional federal deployments of the National Guard. Under Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, only Congress—not the president—has the authority to declare war, raise and support armies, and call forth the militia. Clauses 11, 12, and 15 specifically limit these powers to Congress, making any unauthorized foreign deployment of state militias a violation of the Constitution.
SB1432 prohibits geoengineering or climate modification within state borders. Specifically, it bans intentional injection, release, or deployment of any chemicals, substances, or apparatus aimed at altering temperature, weather patterns, or sunlight intensity (e.g., solar-radiation management). The bill also repeals an older chapter on weather modification licensing and reinforces the integrity of Arizona's water resources fund, ensuring collected fees are maintained in trust and used exclusively by the state Department of Water Resources.
The Arizona State Senate passed SB1432 on March 4, 2025 by a vote of 16 to 11. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because this bill affirms state sovereignty and protects public health by banning experimental geoengineering—such as cloud seeding and solar radiation management—within Arizona. These weather-modification practices pose serious risks to ecosystems, climate stability, and individual rights. SB1432 ensures transparency and accountability by prohibiting such activities without public consent, rejecting unconstitutional experimentation promoted by federal and global climate agendas.
SB1096 would create a state-managed facility for storing and transacting precious metals such as gold and silver. The bill authorizes the Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions to establish a depository that would issue a "transactional currency" backed by these metals, allowing individuals and the state to use them as legal tender. Deposits would be held in trust, with redemption options for U.S. dollars or physical bullion. The depository would also be required to conduct biannual independent audits and ensure strict conflict-of-interest standards for its administrators.
The Arizona State Senate passed SB1096 on March 3, 2025 by a vote of 17 to 12. We have assigned pluses to the ayes because this bill is an important step toward restoring sound, constitutional money and reestablishing the role of gold and silver as legal tender, in accordance with Article I, Section 10 of the U.S. Constitution.
