U.S. Congress

S 3385 ObamaCare Subsidy Extension (Cloture Rejected 51 to 48 on 12/11/2025, Roll Call 644). Extends enhanced ObamaCare subsidies by an additional three years. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 1069 China-funded Schools (Passed 247 to 164 on 12/4/2025, Roll Call 313). Prohibits federal education funds from being awarded to any elementary or secondary school that directly or indirectly receives support from the government of the People's Republic of China. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

S J Res 80 Alaska Petroleum Reserve Rule (Passed 216 to 209 on 11/18/2025, Roll Call 296). Overturns a 2022 Bureau of Land Management rule for the 23-million-acre National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8 & Art. IV, Sec. 3.

S J Res 90 Venezuela (Rejected 49 to 51 on 11/6/2025, Roll Call 608). Prevents military action within or against Venezuela without a congressional declaration of war. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

S J Res 80 Alaska Petroleum Reserve Rule (Passed 52 to 45 on 10/30/2025, Roll Call 599). Overturns a 2022 Bureau of Land Management rule for the 23-million-acre National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8 & Art. IV, Sec. 3.

Senator Rand Paul's (R-Ky.) amendment to S 2296 Federal Reserve Interest Payments (Rejected 14 to 83 on 10/9/2025, Roll Call 562). Prohibits any Federal Reserve bank from paying interest on reserve balances that are maintained at a Federal Reserve bank by or on behalf of a big bank or another depository institution. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 5125 Presidential Appointment Powers (Passed 218 to 211 on 9/17/2025, Roll Call 274). Abolishes the District of Columbia Judicial Nomination Commission, allows the U.S. president to nominate D.C. judges without its involvement, and transfers authority to appoint chief judges from the commission to the president. See U.S. Const., Art. II, Sec. 2.

S Con Res 22 Budget Resolution (Rejected 36 to 62 on 9/16/2025, Roll Call 521). Cuts six percent of all federal spending. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

Representative Nancy Mace's (R-S.C.) amendment to HR 3838 Taxpayer-funded Sex Changes (Passed 221 to 207 on 9/10/2025, Roll Call 246). Prohibits the Department of Defense from covering or providing "gender-related medical treatment" under TRICARE. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

Representative Rich McCormick's (R-Ga.) amendment to HR 3838 Free Speech (Passed 219 to 211 on 9/10/2025, Roll Call 258). Prohibits the Defense Department from, in its military recruitment advertising, entering into contracts with "fact-checking" entities. See U.S. Const., amend 1.

Representative Scott Perry's (R-Pa.) amendment to HR 4553 Defund Renewable-energy Office (Rejected 127 to 297 on 9/4/2025, Roll Call 236). Strikes all funding for the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

Senator John Kennedy's (R-La.) amendment to HR 3944 Reducing Agriculture Funding (Rejected 14 to 81 on 8/1/2025, Roll Call 476). Reduces discretionary spending in the agriculture appropriations component of the bill by two percent across the board. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene's (R-Ga.) amendment to HR 4016 Ukraine Assistance (Rejected 76 to 353 on 7/18/2025, Roll Call 209). Eliminates foreign aid to Ukraine from the bill. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene's (R-Ga.) amendment to HR 4016 Foreign Aid Programs (Rejected 63 to 365 on 7/18/2025, Roll Call 204). Eliminates $118 million for foreign-aid programs. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 4 Fiscal 2025 Rescissions (Passed 51 to 48 on 7/17/2025, Roll Call 411). Rescinds $9 billion in funding previously appropriated by Congress for fiscal 2025. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 1919 Central Bank Digital Currency (Passed 219 to 210 on 7/17/2025, Roll Call 201). Prohibits the Federal Reserve from issuing a CBDC. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8 & 10.

S 1582 GENIUS Act (Passed 308 to 122 on 7/17/2025, Roll Call 200). Imposes new federal regulations on cryptocurrency stablecoins. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

Senator Mike Lee's (R-Utah) amendment to HR 1 Ending "Green" Subsidies (Rejected 21 to 79 on 7/1/2025, Roll Call 360). Ends federal tax credits for projects utilizing battery and energy-storage technologies. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

S 1582 GENIUS Act (Passed 68 to 30 on 6/17/2025, Roll Call 318). Imposes new federal regulations on cryptocurrency stablecoins. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 2056 Washington, D.C., "Sanctuary City" Law (Passed 224 to 194 on 6/12/2025, Roll Call 171). Prohibits the District of Columbia from limiting its cooperation with federal immigration enforcement. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 4 Fiscal 2025 Rescissions (Passed 214 to 212 on 6/12/2025, Roll Call 168). Rescinds $9.4 billion in funding previously appropriated by Congress for fiscal 2025. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 1263 Quad Countries (Passed 334 to 51 on 5/19/2025, Roll Call 132). Directs the U.S. secretary of state to deepen America's entanglement in the "Quad," including by creating a Quad Inter-Parliamentary Working Group.

H J Res 42 Appliance Efficiency Regulations (Passed 52 to 46 on 4/30/2025, Roll Call 223). Overturns a Department of Energy rule imposing new efficiency-standard certification, labeling, and enforcement requirements for dozens of appliances. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

HR 1402 Event-ticket Pricing (Passed 409 to 15 on 4/29/2025, Roll Call 107). Imposes federal regulations on ticket sellers. See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

H. J. Res. 20 Water-heater Rule (Passed 53 to 44 on 4/10/2025, Roll Call 207). Would overturn a 2024 Department of Energy rule, titled "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters," that imposed new requirements on gas-fired instantaneous water heaters and effectively banned the sale of non-condensing models.

H. Con. Res. 14 Minimum-wage Increase (Rejected 47 to 52 on 4/5/2025, Roll Call 184). During consideration of a budget resolution for fiscal 2025 (House Concurrent Resolution 14), Senator Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) offered an amendment to increase the federal minimum wage to at least $17 an hour over five years.

Sen. Paul's amendment to HR 1968 Debt Ceiling (Rejected 5 to 94 on 4/4/2025, Roll Call 179). Reduces the bill's increase in the debt limit from $4 trillion to $500 billion.

HR 1534 Emissions Research (Passed 350 to 73 on 3/25/2025, Roll Call 74). Representative Brian Babin (R-Texas) made a motion to suspend the rules and pass H.R. 1534, the "Innovative Mitigation Partnerships for Asphalt and Concrete Technologies (IMPACT) Act," which would authorize the Department of Energy to fund research and development partnerships focused on reducing greenhouse-gas emissions from asphalt and concrete production.

Sen. Paul's amendment to HR 1968 USAID Funding Cuts (Rejected 27 to 73 on 2/21/2025, Roll Call 77). Reduces funding levels for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). See U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 8.

S 9 Protecting Women's Sports (Rejected 51 to 45 on 3/3/2025, Roll Call 100). Would ensure that only real (i.e., biological) women and girls compete in women's sports that are operated, sponsored, or facilitated by federal funding. "Transgender" women and girls — i.e., biological males who "identify," or pose, as females — would be prohibited from competing.