Freedom Index 118-4

Our fourth (and final) look at the 118th Congress shows how every member of the House and Senate voted on key issues such as federal spending, immigration, UN funding (House only), and DEI (House only).

The scores are derived by dividing a congressman’s constitutional votes (pluses) by the total number he cast (pluses and minuses) and multiplying by 100. The average House score for this index is 34 percent (67 percent for the Republicans and zero percent for the Democrats), and the average Senate score is 42 percent (86 percent for the Republicans and one percent for the Democrats). Seventeen representatives and 10 senators earned 100 percent. We encourage readers to examine how their own legislators voted on each of the 10 key measures. We also encourage readers to commend legislators for their constitutional votes, and to urge improvement where needed.

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House Votes

31. Climate-change Executive Orders

Representative Chip Roy (R-Texas) offered an amendment to prohibit funds authorized by this bill from being used to implement President Joe Biden's climate-change executive orders, which focused on tackling "climate change," promoting "clean energy," "conserving" natural resources, "improving" refugee programs, boosting domestic semiconductor production, and ensuring "environmental justice" for "underserved communities."
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 8070 Roll Call 256

32. Ukraine Assistance

Prohibits funds in the bill from going to Ukraine.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes Benefit per household: +$2.00/year
H.R. 8070 Roll Call 261 See Article I Section 8

33. Abortion

Representative Beth Van Duyne (R-Texas) offered an amendment to prohibit the secretary of defense from paying for or reimbursing expenses relating to abortion services.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 8070 Roll Call 263

34. DEI Elimination

Eliminates DEI offices and personnel from the Department of Defense.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes Benefit per household: +$1.00/year
H.R. 8070 Roll Call 267

35. Migrant Parole Program

During consideration of the fiscal 2025 homeland-security appropriations bill (H.R. 8752), Representative Glenn Grothman (R-Wis.) offered an amendment to prohibit funds in the bill from being used for the "Processes for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans and Venezuelans" (CHNV) parole program that incentivizes illegal mass migration from those four countries.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 8752 Roll Call 288

36. Defunding USAID

Prohibits funding in the bill from being used for USAID.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes Benefit per household: +$378.00/year
H.R. 8771 Roll Call 308 See Article I Section 8

37. Defunding the UN

Prohibits funding in the bill from going to the UN or its affiliate agencies.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes Benefit per household: +$137.00/year
H.R. 8771 Roll Call 320 See Article I Section 8

38. Education Department Title IX Rule

Overturns Education Department rules that promoted far-left social policies at colleges and universities.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H. J. Res. 165 Roll Call 354 See Article I Section 8

39. Conservation Programs

Representative Bruce Westerman (R-Ark.) made a motion to suspend the rules and pass S. 3791, the "America's Conservation Enhancement Reauthorization Act of 2024," which would reauthorize multiple conservation and wildlife programs through fiscal 2030.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
S. 3791 Roll Call 479

40. Continuing Appropriations

Extends federal funding through March 14, 2025.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$3,191.00/year
H.R. 10545 Roll Call 517 See Article I Section 8

How did they vote?

Legend: Constitutional Unconstitutional Did not vote
Name Party State Score 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Alma S. Adams D NC 0%
Robert Aderholt R AL 60%
Pete Aguilar D CA 0%
Mark Alford R MO 80%
Rick W. Allen R GA 70%
Colin Allred D TX 0%
Gabe Amo D RI 0%
Mark E. Amodei R NV 56%
Kelly Armstrong R ND 63%
Jodey Cook Arrington R TX 70%
Jake Auchincloss D MA 0%
Brian Babin R TX 70%
Don Bacon R NE 40%
James R. Baird R IN 60%
Troy Balderson R OH 50%
Becca Balint D VT 0%
Jim Banks R IN 90%
Andy Barr R KY 50%
Nanette Diaz Barragan D CA 0%
Aaron Bean R FL 89%
Joyce Beatty D OH 0%
Cliff B. Bentz R OR 60%
Ami Bera D CA 0%
Jack Bergman R MI 60%
Don S. Beyer D VA 0%
Stephanie Bice R OK 60%
Andy Biggs R AZ 100%
Gus M. Bilirakis R FL 75%
Dan Bishop R NC 100%
Sanford D. Bishop D GA 0%
Earl Blumenauer D OR 0%
Lauren Boebert R CO 90%
Suzanne Bonamici D OR 0%
Mike Bost R IL 70%
Jamaal Bowman D NY N/A
Brendan F. Boyle D PA 0%
Josh Brecheen R OK 100%
Shontel Brown D OH 0%
Julia Brownley D CA 0%
Vern Buchanan R FL 50%
Larry Bucshon R IN 56%
Nikki Budzinski D IL 0%
Tim Burchett R TN 100%
Michael Burgess R TX 89%
Eric Burlison R MO 100%
Cori Bush D MO 0%
Ken Calvert R CA 60%
Kat Cammack R FL 70%
Yadira Caraveo D CO 0%
Salud O. Carbajal D CA 0%
Tony Cardenas D CA 0%
Mike Carey R OH 60%
Jerry L. Carl R AL 60%
Andre Carson D IN 0%
Earl L. Carter R GA 50%
Erica Lee Carter D TX N/A
John R. Carter R TX 67%
Troy Carter D LA 0%
Matthew Cartwright D PA 0%
Greg Casar D TX 0%
Ed Case D HI 0%
Sean Casten D IL 0%
Kathy Castor D FL 0%
Joaquin Castro D TX 0%
Lori Chavez-DeRemer R OR 30%
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D FL 0%
Judy Chu D CA 0%
Juan Ciscomani R AZ 50%
Katherine M. Clark D MA 0%
Yvette D. Clarke D NY 0%
Emanuel Cleaver D MO 0%
Ben L. Cline R VA 80%
Michael Cloud R TX 100%
James E. Clyburn D SC 0%
Andrew Clyde R GA 90%
Steve Cohen D TN 0%
Tom Cole R OK 50%
Mike Collins R GA 80%
James Comer R KY 80%
Gerry Connolly D VA 0%
Luis Correa D CA 0%
Jim Costa D CA 0%
Joe Courtney D CT 0%
Angela Dawn Craig D MN 0%
Eli Crane R AZ 100%
Eric A. Crawford R AR 60%
Dan Crenshaw R TX 44%
Jasmine Crockett D TX 0%
Jason Crow D CO 0%
Henry Cuellar D TX 10%
John Curtis R UT 75%
Anthony D\'Esposito R NY 40%
Sharice Davids D KS 0%
Warren Davidson R OH 80%
Danny K. Davis D IL 0%
Don Davis D NC 0%
Monica De La Cruz R TX 56%
Madeleine Dean D PA 0%
Diana DeGette D CO 0%
Rosa L. DeLauro D CT 0%
Suzan DelBene D WA 0%
Chris Deluzio D PA 0%
Mark DeSaulnier D CA 0%
Scott DesJarlais R TN 80%
Mario Diaz-Balart R FL 40%
Debbie Dingell D MI 0%
Lloyd Doggett D TX 0%
Byron Donalds R FL 86%
John S. Duarte R CA 50%
Jeff Duncan R SC 70%
Neal P. Dunn R FL 60%
Charles Edwards R NC 50%
John K. Ellzey R TX 60%
Tom Emmer R MN 60%
Veronica Escobar D TX 0%
Anna Eshoo D CA 0%
Adriano Espaillat D NY 0%
Ron Estes R KS 60%
Mike Ezell R MS 70%
Patrick Fallon R TX 67%
Randy L. Feenstra R IA 60%
Drew Ferguson R GA 67%
Teresa Leger Fernandez D NM 0%
Brad Finstad R MN 70%
Michelle Fischbach R MN 70%
Scott L. Fitzgerald R WI 80%
Brian K. Fitzpatrick R PA 10%
Charles J. Fleischmann R TN 60%
Elizabeth Pannill Fletcher D TX 0%
Mike Flood R NE 50%
Vince Fong R CA 50%
Bill Foster D IL 0%
Valerie Foushee D NC 0%
Virginia Foxx R NC 60%
Lois Frankel D FL 0%
Scott Franklin R FL 60%
Maxwell Alejandro Frost D FL 0%
Russell Fry R SC 80%
Russ Fulcher R ID 90%
Matt Gaetz R FL 100%
Ruben Gallego D AZ 0%
John Garamendi D CA 0%
Andrew R. Garbarino R NY 40%
Jesus Garcia D IL 0%
Mike Garcia R CA 75%
Robert Garcia D CA 0%
Sylvia Garcia D TX 0%
Carlos Gimenez R FL 50%
Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D WA 0%
Jared Golden D ME 0%
Dan Goldman D NY 0%
Jimmy Gomez D CA 0%
Tony Gonzales R TX 70%
Vicente Gonzalez D TX 0%
Bob Good R VA 100%
Lance Gooden R TX 90%
Paul A. Gosar R AZ 90%
Josh Gottheimer D NJ 0%
Kay Granger R TX 80%
Garret Graves R LA 56%
Sam Graves R MO 70%
Al Green D TX 0%
Mark Green R TN 57%
Marjorie Taylor Greene R GA 100%
H. Morgan Griffith R VA 50%
Glenn Grothman R WI 70%
Michael Guest R MS 70%
Brett Guthrie R KY 60%
Harriet M. Hageman R WY 90%
Josh Harder D CA 0%
Andy Harris R MD 89%
Diana Harshbarger R TN 90%
Jahana Hayes D CT 0%
Kevin Hern R OK 78%
Clay Higgins R LA 80%
French Hill R AR 50%
James A. Himes D CT 0%
Ashley E. Hinson R IA 50%
Steven A. Horsford D NV 0%
Erin Houchin R IN 70%
Chrissy Houlahan D PA 0%
Steny H. Hoyer D MD 0%
Val T. Hoyle D OR 0%
Richard Hudson R NC 50%
Jared Huffman D CA 0%
Bill Huizenga R MI 60%
Wesley Hunt R TX 86%
Darrell E. Issa R CA 50%
Glenn Ivey D MD 0%
Jeff Jackson D NC 0%
Jonathan L. Jackson D IL 0%
Ronny Jackson R TX 70%
Sara J. Jacobs D CA 0%
John James R MI 50%
Pramila Jayapal D WA 0%
Hakeem S. Jeffries D NY 0%
Dusty Johnson R SD 56%
Henry C. Johnson D GA 0%
Mike Johnson R LA 83%
Jim Jordan R OH 78%
David Joyce R OH 50%
John Joyce R PA 80%
Sydney Kamlager-Dove D CA 0%
Marcy Kaptur D OH 0%
Thomas Kean R NJ 40%
William R. Keating D MA 0%
Mike Kelly R PA 50%
Robin Kelly D IL 0%
Trent Kelly R MS 60%
Timothy M. Kennedy D NY 0%
Ro Khanna D CA 0%
Jennifer Kiggans R VA 50%
Daniel Kildee D MI 0%
Kevin Kiley R CA 50%
Derek Kilmer D WA 0%
Andy Kim D NJ 0%
Young Kim R CA 40%
Raja Krishnamoorthi D IL 0%
Ann Kuster D NH 0%
David Kustoff R TN 50%
Darin LaHood R IL 50%
Nick LaLota R NY 40%
Doug LaMalfa R CA 71%
Doug Lamborn R CO 75%
Greg Landsman D OH 0%
Nicholas A. Langworthy R NY 80%
Rick Larsen D WA 0%
John B. Larson D CT 0%
Robert E. Latta R OH 60%
Jake LaTurner R KS 50%
Michael Lawler R NY 40%
Barbara Lee D CA 0%
Laurel M. Lee R FL 78%
Summer L. Lee D PA 0%
Suzanne Kelley Lee D NV 0%
Debbie Lesko R AZ 89%
Julia Janelle Letlow R LA 78%
Mike Levin D CA 0%
Ted Lieu D CA 0%
Zoe Lofgren D CA 0%
Greg Lopez R CO 67%
Barry Loudermilk R GA 70%
Frank D. Lucas R OK 56%
Blaine Luetkemeyer R MO 75%
Anna Paulina Luna R FL 89%
Morgan Luttrell R TX 60%
Stephen F. Lynch D MA 0%
Nancy Mace R SC 90%
Seth Magaziner D RI 0%
Nicole Malliotakis R NY 80%
Celeste Maloy R UT 60%
Tracey Mann R KS 70%
Kathy E. Manning D NC 0%
Thomas Massie R KY 100%
Brian J. Mast R FL 88%
Doris O. Matsui D CA 0%
Lucy McBath D GA 0%
Michael T. McCaul R TX 50%
Lisa McClain R MI 70%
Jennifer McClellan D VA 0%
Tom McClintock R CA 78%
Betty McCollum D MN 0%
Rich McCormick R GA 70%
Morgan McGarvey D KY 0%
James P. McGovern D MA 0%
Patrick McHenry R NC 50%
LaMonica McIver D NJ N/A
Gregory W. Meeks D NY 0%
Rob Menendez D NJ 0%
Grace Meng D NY 0%
Dan Meuser R PA 60%
Kweisi Mfume D MD 0%
Carol D. Miller R WV 80%
Mary Miller R IL 80%
Max L. Miller R OH 60%
Mariannette J. Miller-Meeks R IA 50%
Cory Mills R FL 90%
Marcus J. Molinaro R NY 44%
John R. Moolenaar R MI 56%
Alex Mooney R WV 90%
Blake David Moore R UT 50%
Felix Barry Moore R AL 89%
Gwen Moore D WI 0%
Nathaniel Moran R TX 60%
Joseph D. Morelle D NY 0%
Jared Moskowitz D FL 0%
Seth Moulton D MA 0%
Frank J. Mrvan D IN 0%
Kevin Mullin D CA 0%
Gregory Francis Murphy R NC 33%
Jerry Nadler D NY 0%
Grace Napolitano D CA 0%
Richard E. Neal D MA 0%
Joseph Neguse D CO 0%
Troy Nehls R TX 80%
Dan Newhouse R WA 56%
Wiley Nickel D NC 0%
Donald Norcross D NJ 0%
Ralph W. Norman R SC 90%
Zach Nunn R IA 50%
Jay P. Obernolte R CA 40%
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D NY 0%
Andrew Ogles R TN 100%
Ilhan Omar D MN 0%
Burgess Owens R UT 60%
Frank Pallone D NJ 0%
Gary J. Palmer R AL 70%
Jimmy Panetta D CA 0%
Christopher C. Pappas D NH 0%
Bill Pascrell D NJ 0%
Nancy Pelosi D CA 0%
Mary Sattler Peltola D AK 11%
Greg Pence R IN 50%
Scott Perry R PA 100%
Scott H. Peters D CA 0%
Brittany Pettersen D CO 0%
August Lee Pfluger R TX 60%
Dean Phillips D MN 0%
Chellie Pingree D ME 0%
Mark Pocan D WI 0%
Katie Porter D CA 0%
Bill Posey R FL 80%
Ayanna S. Pressley D MA 0%
Mike Quigley D IL 0%
Delia Ramirez D IL 0%
Jamie Raskin D MD 0%
Guy Reschenthaler R PA 78%
Lisa Blunt Rochester D DE 0%
Cathy McMorris Rodgers R WA 78%
Harold Rogers R KY 56%
Mike D. Rogers R AL 56%
John W. Rose R TN 60%
Deborah Ross D NC 0%
David Rouzer R NC 70%
Chip Roy R TX 100%
Raul Ruiz D CA 0%
Michael A. Rulli R OH 67%
Dutch Ruppersberger D MD 0%
John H. Rutherford R FL 60%
Pat Ryan D NY 0%
Maria Elvira Salazar R FL 56%
Andrea Salinas D OR 0%
Linda T. Sanchez D CA 0%
John Sarbanes D MD 0%
Steve Scalise R LA 56%
Mary Scanlon D PA 0%
Janice D. Schakowsky D IL 0%
Adam Schiff D CA 0%
Bradley S. Schneider D IL 0%
Hillary J. Scholten D MI 0%
Kim Schrier D WA 0%
David Schweikert R AZ 50%
Austin Scott R GA 60%
David Scott D GA 0%
Robert C. Scott D VA 0%
Keith Self R TX 100%
Pete Sessions R TX 60%
Terri A. Sewell D AL 0%
Brad Sherman D CA 0%
Rebecca Michelle Sherrill D NJ 0%
Michael K. Simpson R ID 56%
Elissa Slotkin D MI 0%
Adam Smith D WA 0%
Adrian Smith R NE 67%
Christopher H. Smith R NJ 50%
Jason T. Smith R MO 80%
Lloyd Smucker R PA 50%
Eric Sorensen D IL 0%
Darren Soto D FL 0%
Abigail Spanberger D VA 0%
Victoria K. Spartz R IN 89%
Matt Rosendale R MT 100%
Melanie Ann Stansbury D NM 0%
Greg Stanton D AZ 0%
Pete Stauber R MN 71%
Michelle Steel R CA 60%
Elise Stefanik R NY 56%
Bryan Steil R WI 60%
Greg Steube R FL 100%
Haley Stevens D MI 0%
Marilyn Strickland D WA 0%
Dale W. Strong R AL 60%
Thomas R. Suozzi D NY 0%
Eric Swalwell D CA 0%
Emilia Strong Sykes D OH 0%
Mark Takano D CA 0%
Claudia Tenney R NY 80%
Shri Thanedar D MI 0%
Bennie G. Thompson D MS 0%
Glenn Thompson R PA 50%
Mike Thompson D CA 0%
Tom Tiffany R WI 90%
William R. Timmons R SC 80%
Dina Titus D NV 0%
Rashida Tlaib D MI 0%
Jill N. Tokuda D HI 0%
Paul D. Tonko D NY 0%
Norma J. Torres D CA 0%
Ritchie John Torres D NY 0%
Lori Trahan D MA 0%
David Trone D MD 0%
Michael R. Turner R OH 40%
Lauren A. Underwood D IL 0%
David G. Valadao R CA 50%
Jeff Van Drew R NJ 70%
Elizabeth Ann Van Duyne R TX 80%
Derrick Van Orden R WI 70%
Juan Vargas D CA 0%
Gabe Vasquez D NM 0%
Marc A. Veasey D TX 0%
Nydia M. Velazquez D NY 0%
Ann Wagner R MO 50%
Tim Walberg R MI 67%
Mike Waltz R FL 86%
Debbie Wasserman Schultz D FL 0%
Maxine Waters D CA 0%
Bonnie Watson Coleman D NJ 0%
Randy K. Weber R TX 80%
Daniel Webster R FL 56%
Brad Wenstrup R OH 67%
Bruce Westerman R AR 70%
Jennifer Wexton D VA 0%
Tony Wied R WI N/A
Susan Wild D PA 0%
Brandon Williams R NY 40%
Nikema Williams D GA 0%
Roger Williams R TX 89%
Frederica S. Wilson D FL 0%
Joe Wilson R SC 60%
Robert J. Wittman R VA 50%
Steve Womack R AR 50%
Rudolph Yakym R IN 60%
Ryan Zinke R MT 70%

Average Freedom Score by Party

PartyScore
Democrat0.1%
Republican67.3%
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