Freedom Index 118-3

Our third look at the 118th Congress shows how every member of the House and Senate voted on key issues such as federal spending, foreign aid, banning a central bank digital currency (House only), and prohibiting government censorship (Senate only).

The scores are derived by dividing a congressman’s constitutional votes (pluses) by the total number he cast (pluses and minuses) and multiplying by 100. The average House score for this index is 31 percent (56 percent for the Republicans and five percent for the Democrats), and the average Senate score is 32 percent (59 percent for the Republicans and seven percent for the Democrats). Thirteen representatives and five senators earned 100 percent. We encourage readers to examine how their own legislators voted on each of the 10 key measures. We also encourage readers to commend legislators for their constitutional votes, and to urge improvement where needed.

Share this Freedom Index in your district to inform people about the constitutionality of their elected officials' votes.

Senate Votes

21. Audit the Fed

Requires a full audit of the Federal Reserve System.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 4366 Roll Call 280

22. U.S. Military in Syria

Under the U.S. Constitution, the power to declare war belongs to Congress, and the United States should follow a policy of noninterventionism, minding its own business in foreign affairs.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
S.J.Res. 51 Roll Call 333

23. Counting Noncitizens in Census

The purpose of the U.S. Census is to determine the allotment of congressional seats and Electoral College votes for each state. Illegal aliens, who are not U.S. citizens, should not be counted toward determining those numbers. Furthermore, changing the demographics of a congressional district or state also changes the voting patterns of those areas.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 4366 Roll Call 83

24. Consolidated Appropriations

Appropriates $467.5 billion in federal funding for fiscal 2024.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$3,557.00/year
H.R. 4366 Roll Call 84 See Article I Section 8

25. Free Speech

Prohibits funds from being used by the federal government to label speech as "disinformation or misinformation" or to coerce online platforms to censor such speech.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 2882 Roll Call 109 See First Amendment

26. Consolidated Appropriations

Appropriates $1.2 trillion in total funding for fiscal 2024.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$9,130.00/year
H.R. 2882 Roll Call 114 See Article I Section 8

27. Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Would reverse a December 2023 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) rule that requires state transportation agencies to set targets for reducing transportation-related greenhouse-gas emissions and report to the FHWA on their progress.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
S. J. Res. 61 Roll Call 121

28. Surveilling U.S. Citizens

Prohibits federal officials from requesting orders under FISA to surveil U.S. persons, among other provisions.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 7888 Roll Call 147 See Fourth Amendment

29. FISA Reauthorization

Would reauthorize for two years, until 2026, Title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), which governs electronic surveillance of foreign terrorism suspects.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
H.R. 7888 Roll Call 150

30. Foreign Aid Package

Provides a total of $95.3 billion in "emergency" aid for Ukraine, Israel, and Taiwan.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$725.00/year
H.R. 815 Roll Call 154 See Article I Section 8

How did they vote?

Legend: Constitutional Unconstitutional Did not vote
Name Party State Score 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Tammy Baldwin D WI 20%
John Barrasso R WY 63%
Michael F. Bennet D CO 10%
Marsha Blackburn R TN 89%
Richard Blumenthal D CT 0%
Cory A. Booker D NJ 10%
John Boozman R AR 40%
Katie Boyd Britt R AL 40%
Mike Braun R IN 100%
Sherrod Brown D OH 20%
Ted Budd R NC 70%
Laphonza R. Butler CA 10%
Maria Cantwell D WA 10%
Shelley Moore Capito R WV 50%
Benjamin Cardin D MD 0%
Thomas Carper D DE 0%
Robert Casey D PA 0%
Bill Cassidy R LA 40%
Susan M. Collins R ME 40%
Chris Coons D DE 0%
John Cornyn R TX 40%
Catherine Cortez Masto D NV 0%
Tom Cotton R AR 40%
Kevin Cramer R ND 56%
Mike Crapo R ID 60%
Ted Cruz R TX 80%
Steve Daines R MT 80%
Tammy Duckworth D IL 0%
Dick Durbin D IL 20%
Joni Ernst R IA 40%
John K. Fetterman D PA 0%
Deb Fischer R NE 40%
Kirsten E. Gillibrand D NY 0%
Lindsey Graham R SC 40%
Chuck Grassley R IA 40%
William F. Hagerty R TN 89%
Margaret Wood Hassan D NH 0%
Josh Hawley R MO 89%
Martin Heinrich D NM 0%
John W. Hickenlooper D CO 0%
Mazie K. Hirono D HI 10%
John Hoeven R ND 50%
Cindy Hyde-Smith R MS 40%
Ron Johnson R WI 90%
Tim Kaine D VA 0%
Mark Kelly D AZ 0%
John Kennedy R LA 60%
Angus S. King I ME 0%
Amy Klobuchar D MN 0%
James Lankford R OK 50%
Mike Lee R UT 100%
Ben Ray Lujan D NM 0%
Cynthia Lummis R WY 90%
Joe Manchin D WV 17%
Ed Markey D MA 20%
Roger Marshall R KS 90%
Mitch McConnell R KY 40%
Bob Menendez D NJ 10%
Jeff Merkley D OR 30%
Jerry Moran R KS 44%
Markwayne Mullin R OK 40%
Lisa Murkowski R AK 30%
Chris Murphy D CT 30%
Patty Murray D WA 10%
Jon Ossoff D GA 0%
Alex Padilla D CA 0%
Rand Paul R KY 100%
Gary Peters D MI 0%
Jack Reed D RI 0%
Pete Ricketts R NE 50%
James E. Risch R ID 60%
Mitt Romney R UT 25%
Jacky Rosen D NV 0%
Mike Rounds R SD 33%
Marco Rubio R FL 70%
Bernie Sanders I VT 50%
Brian Schatz D HI 0%
Eric Schmitt R MO 88%
Chuck Schumer D NY 0%
Rick Scott R FL 88%
Tim Scott R SC 75%
Jeanne Shaheen D NH 0%
Kyrsten Sinema D AZ 20%
Tina Smith D MN 0%
Debbie Stabenow D MI 0%
Dan Sullivan R AK 40%
Jon Tester D MT 20%
John Thune R SD 40%
Thom Tillis R NC 33%
Tommy Tuberville R AL 100%
Chris Van Hollen D MD 10%
J.D. Vance R OH 100%
Mark R. Warner D VA 0%
Raphael G. Warnock D GA 0%
Elizabeth Warren D MA 20%
Peter Welch D VT 30%
Sheldon Whitehouse D RI 0%
Roger Wicker R MS 40%
Ron Wyden D OR 20%
Todd Young R IN 40%

Average Freedom Score by Party

PartyScore
Democrat7%
Independent25%
Republican59.8%
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