Freedom Index 117-4

Our fourth (and final) look at the 117th Congress shows how every member of the House and Senate voted on key issues such as an assault weapons ban (House only), marriage, and the so-called Inflation Reduction Act.

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House Votes

31. U.S. Military in Syria

According to the U.S. Constitution, only Congress has the authority to declare war. It is long past time to bring the troops home from Syria, especially considering that Congress never issued a declaration of war in relation to the country.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
H.R. 7900 Roll Call 335

32. Abortion Access

The right to life is the most fundamental, God-given, and unalienable right asserted in the Declaration of Independence and guaranteed by the Fifth and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
H.R. 8296 Roll Call 360

33. Expanding NATO

Expresses support for Sweden and Finland joining NATO and calls on NATO member states to formally support the countries' accession.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
H. Res. 1130 Roll Call 364

34. Semiconductor Incentives

Spends $54.2 billion on multiple unconstitutional research, development, and manufacturing programs, and authorizes an additional $168.7 billion in spending.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$425.00/year
H.R. 4346 Roll Call 404 See Article I Section 8

35. Assault Weapons Ban

This bill is a gross violation of the U.S. Constitution, especially the Second Amendment, which recognizes that "the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." This is one step closer to a disarmed America - with the assistance of taxpayer dollars.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
H.R. 1808 Roll Call 410

36. Inflation Reduction Act

Spends at least $512 billion on multiple unconstitutional and left-wing programs and initiatives.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$4,014.00/year
H.R. 5376 Roll Call 420 See Article I Section 8

37. Electoral Count Procedures

This bill undermines election integrity, infringes upon state sovereignty, and makes changes that are inconsistent with Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
H.R. 8873 Roll Call 449

38. Federal Police Grants

Spends a total of $300 million over five years on unconstitutional grants to local police, threatening their independence.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$2.00/year
H.R. 6448 Roll Call 451 See Article I Section 8

39. Marriage

Repeals the Defense of Marriage Act and codifies the "right" to marry regardless of sexual orientation.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
H.R. 8404 Roll Call 513

40. Omnibus 2023 Spending

Spends $1.7 trillion on multiple unconstitutional programs and agencies.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$13,328.00/year
H.R. 2617 Roll Call 549 See Article I Section 8

How did they vote?

Legend: Constitutional Unconstitutional Did not vote
Name Party State Score 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Alma S. Adams D NC 10%
Robert Aderholt R AL 70%
Pete Aguilar D CA 0%
Rick W. Allen R GA 80%
Colin Allred D TX 0%
Mark E. Amodei R NV 70%
Kelly Armstrong R ND 60%
Jodey Cook Arrington R TX 80%
Jake Auchincloss D MA 10%
Cynthia Axne D IA 0%
Brian Babin R TX 80%
Don Bacon R NE 60%
James R. Baird R IN 60%
Troy Balderson R OH 60%
Jim Banks R IN 70%
Andy Barr R KY 70%
Nanette Diaz Barragan D CA 10%
Karen Bass D CA 11%
Joyce Beatty D OH 10%
Cliff B. Bentz R OR 70%
Ami Bera D CA 0%
Jack Bergman R MI 70%
Jaime Herrera Beutler R WA 40%
Don S. Beyer D VA 10%
Stephanie Bice R OK 70%
Andy Biggs R AZ 100%
Gus M. Bilirakis R FL 70%
Dan Bishop R NC 100%
Sanford D. Bishop D GA 0%
Earl Blumenauer D OR 10%
Lauren Boebert R CO 100%
Suzanne Bonamici D OR 10%
Mike Bost R IL 78%
Carolyn Bourdeaux D GA 0%
Jamaal Bowman D NY 20%
Brendan F. Boyle D PA 0%
Kevin Brady R TX 75%
Mo Brooks R AL 80%
Anthony Brown D MD 0%
Shontel Brown D OH 10%
Julia Brownley D CA 0%
Vern Buchanan R FL 70%
Ken Buck R CO 89%
Larry Bucshon R IN 70%
Ted Budd R NC 70%
Tim Burchett R TN 89%
Michael Burgess R TX 70%
Cori Bush D MO 20%
Cheri Bustos D IL 0%
George Butterfield D NC 0%
Ken Calvert R CA 60%
Kat Cammack R FL 80%
Salud O. Carbajal D CA 10%
Tony Cardenas D CA 10%
Mike Carey R OH 50%
Jerry L. Carl R AL 67%
Andre Carson D IN 10%
Earl L. Carter R GA 80%
John R. Carter R TX 70%
Troy Carter D LA 0%
Matthew Cartwright D PA 10%
Ed Case D HI 10%
Sean Casten D IL 0%
Kathy Castor D FL 0%
Joaquin Castro D TX 10%
Madison Cawthorn R NC 90%
Steve Chabot R OH 60%
Liz Cheney R WY 22%
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D FL 0%
Judy Chu D CA 10%
David Cicilline D RI 10%
Katherine M. Clark D MA 10%
Yvette D. Clarke D NY 10%
Emanuel Cleaver D MO 10%
Ben L. Cline R VA 80%
Michael Cloud R TX 100%
James E. Clyburn D SC 0%
Andrew Clyde R GA 80%
Steve Cohen D TN 10%
Tom Cole R OK 60%
James Comer R KY 70%
Gerry Connolly D VA 10%
Connie Conway R CA 70%
Jim Cooper D TN 10%
Luis Correa D CA 0%
Jim Costa D CA 0%
Joe Courtney D CT 10%
Angela Dawn Craig D MN 0%
Eric A. Crawford R AR 70%
Dan Crenshaw R TX 70%
Charlie Crist D FL 0%
Jason Crow D CO 0%
Henry Cuellar D TX 20%
John Curtis R UT 60%
Sharice Davids D KS 0%
Warren Davidson R OH 100%
Danny K. Davis D IL 10%
Rodney Davis R IL 44%
Madeleine Dean D PA 10%
Peter DeFazio D OR 10%
Diana DeGette D CO 10%
Rosa L. DeLauro D CT 10%
Suzan DelBene D WA 0%
Val Demings D FL 10%
Mark DeSaulnier D CA 10%
Scott DesJarlais R TN 80%
Theodore Deutch D FL 0%
Mario Diaz-Balart R FL 70%
Debbie Dingell D MI 10%
Lloyd Doggett D TX 10%
Byron Donalds R FL 80%
Michael Doyle D PA 11%
Jeff Duncan R SC 80%
Neal P. Dunn R FL 70%
John K. Ellzey R TX 70%
Tom Emmer R MN 60%
Veronica Escobar D TX 10%
Anna Eshoo D CA 10%
Adriano Espaillat D NY 10%
Ron Estes R KS 80%
Dwight Evans D PA 10%
Patrick Fallon R TX 80%
Randy L. Feenstra R IA 70%
Drew Ferguson R GA 70%
Teresa Leger Fernandez D NM 10%
Brad Finstad R MN 80%
Michelle Fischbach R MN 70%
Scott L. Fitzgerald R WI 70%
Brian K. Fitzpatrick R PA 30%
Charles J. Fleischmann R TN 70%
Elizabeth Pannill Fletcher D TX 0%
Mike Flood R NE 70%
Mayra Flores R TX 70%
Bill Foster D IL 10%
Virginia Foxx R NC 70%
Lois Frankel D FL 0%
Scott Franklin R FL 70%
Russ Fulcher R ID 80%
Matt Gaetz R FL 100%
Mike Gallagher R WI 50%
Ruben Gallego D AZ 0%
John Garamendi D CA 10%
Andrew R. Garbarino R NY 60%
Jesus Garcia D IL 11%
Mike Garcia R CA 50%
Sylvia Garcia D TX 0%
Bob Gibbs R OH 60%
Carlos Gimenez R FL 60%
Louie Gohmert R TX 90%
Jared Golden D ME 10%
Jimmy Gomez D CA 20%
Tony Gonzales R TX 60%
Anthony Gonzalez R OH 25%
Vicente Gonzalez D TX 10%
Bob Good R VA 100%
Lance Gooden R TX 80%
Paul A. Gosar R AZ 90%
Josh Gottheimer D NJ 0%
Kay Granger R TX 60%
Garret Graves R LA 70%
Sam Graves R MO 70%
Al Green D TX 10%
Mark Green R TN 80%
Marjorie Taylor Greene R GA 100%
H. Morgan Griffith R VA 90%
Raul M. Grijalva D AZ 10%
Glenn Grothman R WI 80%
Michael Guest R MS 70%
Brett Guthrie R KY 70%
Josh Harder D CA 0%
Andy Harris R MD 70%
Diana Harshbarger R TN 70%
Vicky Hartzler R MO 78%
Jahana Hayes D CT 10%
Kevin Hern R OK 80%
Yvette Herrell R NM 80%
Jody Hice R GA 89%
Brian Higgins D NY 10%
Clay Higgins R LA 89%
French Hill R AR 70%
James A. Himes D CT 10%
Ashley E. Hinson R IA 60%
Trey Hollingsworth R IN 63%
Steven A. Horsford D NV 0%
Chrissy Houlahan D PA 0%
Steny H. Hoyer D MD 0%
Richard Hudson R NC 70%
Jared Huffman D CA 10%
Bill Huizenga R MI 70%
Darrell E. Issa R CA 60%
Ronny Jackson R TX 80%
Sheila Jackson-Lee D TX 10%
Chris Jacobs R NY 20%
Sara J. Jacobs D CA 11%
Pramila Jayapal D WA 10%
Hakeem S. Jeffries D NY 10%
Bill Johnson R OH 60%
Dusty Johnson R SD 70%
Eddie Johnson D TX 10%
Henry C. Johnson D GA 10%
Mike Johnson R LA 78%
Mondaire Jones D NY 10%
Jim Jordan R OH 90%
David Joyce R OH 50%
John Joyce R PA 70%
Kaiali'i Kahele D HI 10%
Marcy Kaptur D OH 10%
John Katko R NY 30%
William R. Keating D MA 0%
Fred Keller R PA 70%
Mike Kelly R PA 70%
Robin Kelly D IL 10%
Trent Kelly R MS 70%
Ro Khanna D CA 10%
Daniel Kildee D MI 10%
Derek Kilmer D WA 10%
Andy Kim D NJ 0%
Young Kim R CA 60%
Ron Kind D WI 10%
Adam Kinzinger R IL 38%
Ann Kirkpatrick D AZ 10%
Raja Krishnamoorthi D IL 0%
Ann Kuster D NH 0%
David Kustoff R TN 70%
Darin LaHood R IL 70%
Doug LaMalfa R CA 70%
Conor Lamb D PA 0%
Doug Lamborn R CO 70%
James Langevin D RI 0%
Rick Larsen D WA 10%
John B. Larson D CT 10%
Robert E. Latta R OH 70%
Jake LaTurner R KS 70%
Brenda Lawrence D MI 10%
Al Lawson D FL 0%
Barbara Lee D CA 10%
Suzanne Kelley Lee D NV 0%
Debbie Lesko R AZ 70%
Julia Janelle Letlow R LA 70%
Andy Levin D MI 20%
Mike Levin D CA 0%
Ted Lieu D CA 10%
Zoe Lofgren D CA 10%
Billy Long R MO 70%
Barry Loudermilk R GA 80%
Alan Lowenthal D CA 10%
Frank D. Lucas R OK 78%
Blaine Luetkemeyer R MO 70%
Elaine Luria D VA 0%
Stephen F. Lynch D MA 10%
Nancy Mace R SC 70%
Tom Malinowski D NJ 0%
Nicole Malliotakis R NY 60%
Carolyn Maloney D NY 10%
Sean Maloney D NY 10%
Tracey Mann R KS 70%
Kathy E. Manning D NC 0%
Thomas Massie R KY 100%
Brian J. Mast R FL 89%
Doris O. Matsui D CA 10%
Lucy McBath D GA 10%
Kevin McCarthy R CA 78%
Michael T. McCaul R TX 60%
Lisa McClain R MI 80%
Tom McClintock R CA 90%
Betty McCollum D MN 10%
A. McEachin D VA 0%
James P. McGovern D MA 10%
Patrick McHenry R NC 70%
David McKinley R WV 63%
Jerry McNerney D CA 10%
Gregory W. Meeks D NY 0%
Peter Meijer R MI 40%
Grace Meng D NY 10%
Dan Meuser R PA 80%
Kweisi Mfume D MD 10%
Carol D. Miller R WV 78%
Mary Miller R IL 90%
Mariannette J. Miller-Meeks R IA 60%
John R. Moolenaar R MI 70%
Alex Mooney R WV 70%
Blake David Moore R UT 60%
Felix Barry Moore R AL 80%
Gwen Moore D WI 10%
Joseph D. Morelle D NY 0%
Seth Moulton D MA 10%
Frank J. Mrvan D IN 0%
Markwayne Mullin R OK 78%
Gregory Francis Murphy R NC 70%
Stephanie Murphy D FL 0%
Jerry Nadler D NY 10%
Grace Napolitano D CA 10%
Richard E. Neal D MA 10%
Joseph Neguse D CO 10%
Troy Nehls R TX 80%
Dan Newhouse R WA 60%
Marie Newman D IL 10%
Donald Norcross D NJ 0%
Ralph W. Norman R SC 90%
Tom O'Halleran D AZ 0%
Jay P. Obernolte R CA 60%
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D NY 30%
Ilhan Omar D MN 10%
Burgess Owens R UT 75%
Steven Palazzo R MS 70%
Frank Pallone D NJ 10%
Gary J. Palmer R AL 80%
Jimmy Panetta D CA 0%
Christopher C. Pappas D NH 0%
Bill Pascrell D NJ 10%
Donald Payne D NJ 10%
Nancy Pelosi D CA 0%
Mary Sattler Peltola D AK 0%
Greg Pence R IN 67%
Ed Perlmutter D CO 10%
Scott Perry R PA 80%
Scott H. Peters D CA 0%
August Lee Pfluger R TX 80%
Dean Phillips D MN 0%
Chellie Pingree D ME 10%
Mark Pocan D WI 20%
Katie Porter D CA 10%
Bill Posey R FL 70%
Ayanna S. Pressley D MA 20%
David Price D NC 0%
Mike Quigley D IL 10%
Jamie Raskin D MD 10%
Guy Reschenthaler R PA 70%
Kathleen Rice D NY 0%
Tom Rice R SC 60%
Lisa Blunt Rochester D DE 10%
Cathy McMorris Rodgers R WA 70%
Harold Rogers R KY 70%
Mike D. Rogers R AL 67%
John W. Rose R TN 80%
Deborah Ross D NC 0%
David Rouzer R NC 70%
Chip Roy R TX 100%
Lucille Roybal-Allard D CA 0%
Raul Ruiz D CA 0%
Dutch Ruppersberger D MD 0%
Bobby Rush D IL 10%
John H. Rutherford R FL 70%
Pat Ryan D NY 0%
Tim Ryan D OH 10%
Maria Elvira Salazar R FL 70%
Linda T. Sanchez D CA 10%
John Sarbanes D MD 10%
Steve Scalise R LA 78%
Mary Scanlon D PA 10%
Janice D. Schakowsky D IL 10%
Adam Schiff D CA 10%
Bradley S. Schneider D IL 0%
Kurt Schrader D OR 20%
Kim Schrier D WA 0%
David Schweikert R AZ 90%
Austin Scott R GA 70%
David Scott D GA 0%
Robert C. Scott D VA 10%
Pete Sessions R TX 80%
Terri A. Sewell D AL 0%
Brad Sherman D CA 10%
Rebecca Michelle Sherrill D NJ 0%
Michael K. Simpson R ID 67%
Albio Sires D NJ 0%
Elissa Slotkin D MI 0%
Adam Smith D WA 0%
Adrian Smith R NE 70%
Christopher H. Smith R NJ 70%
Jason T. Smith R MO 70%
Lloyd Smucker R PA 70%
Darren Soto D FL 0%
Abigail Spanberger D VA 0%
Victoria K. Spartz R IN 70%
Jackie Speier D CA 10%
Matt Rosendale R MT 100%
Melanie Ann Stansbury D NM 10%
Greg Stanton D AZ 0%
Pete Stauber R MN 70%
Michelle Steel R CA 70%
Elise Stefanik R NY 60%
Bryan Steil R WI 60%
Greg Steube R FL 70%
Haley Stevens D MI 0%
Chris Stewart R UT 70%
Marilyn Strickland D WA 0%
Thomas R. Suozzi D NY 0%
Eric Swalwell D CA 10%
Mark Takano D CA 10%
Van Taylor R TX 80%
Claudia Tenney R NY 70%
Bennie G. Thompson D MS 0%
Glenn Thompson R PA 70%
Mike Thompson D CA 10%
Tom Tiffany R WI 90%
William R. Timmons R SC 70%
Dina Titus D NV 10%
Rashida Tlaib D MI 22%
Paul D. Tonko D NY 10%
Norma J. Torres D CA 0%
Ritchie John Torres D NY 10%
Lori Trahan D MA 10%
David Trone D MD 0%
Michael R. Turner R OH 50%
Lauren A. Underwood D IL 0%
Fred Upton R MI 30%
David G. Valadao R CA 60%
Jeff Van Drew R NJ 90%
Elizabeth Ann Van Duyne R TX 70%
Juan Vargas D CA 0%
Marc A. Veasey D TX 10%
Nydia M. Velazquez D NY 11%
Ann Wagner R MO 60%
Tim Walberg R MI 70%
Jackie Walorski R IN 60%
Mike Waltz R FL 60%
Debbie Wasserman Schultz D FL 0%
Maxine Waters D CA 10%
Bonnie Watson Coleman D NJ 10%
Randy K. Weber R TX 78%
Daniel Webster R FL 78%
Peter Welch D VT 10%
Brad Wenstrup R OH 70%
Bruce Westerman R AR 70%
Jennifer Wexton D VA 0%
Susan Wild D PA 10%
Nikema Williams D GA 10%
Roger Williams R TX 80%
Frederica S. Wilson D FL 10%
Joe Wilson R SC 70%
Robert J. Wittman R VA 70%
Steve Womack R AR 60%
Rudolph Yakym R IN N/A
John Yarmuth D KY 0%
Lee Zeldin R NY 86%

Average Freedom Score by Party

PartyScore
Democrat6.6%
Republican71.2%
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