2025 Montana Legislative Scorecard

The following scorecard lists several key votes in the Montana State Legislature in 2025 and ranks state representatives and senators based on their fidelity to (U.S.) constitutional and limited-government principles.

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Senate Votes
House Votes

Senate Votes

1. Separation of Powers Doctrine

Sought to codify the separation of powers doctrine by delineating the roles and authorities of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, as well as defining the powers of the Board of Regents of Higher Education and the Board of Public Education.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
SB44 Roll Call 1481278

2. K-12 Funding Increase

Updates the state's K-12 school funding formula to include inflation adjustments.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$115.00/year
HB15 Roll Call 1524072

3. Con-Con: Balanced Budget Amendment

Sought to invoke Article V of the U.S. Constitution to apply for an Article V constitutional convention to propose constitutional amendments imposing fiscal restraints on the federal government.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No
SJ4 Roll Call 1529009

4. Livestock Loss Assistance

Expands the state's Livestock Loss Mitigation Program to include domestic bison.
Read More Constitutional Vote: No Cost per household: -$0.66/year
HB504 Roll Call 1541169

5. Prohibit Intergovernmental Entities

Prohibits the state and its subdivisions from enforcing or funding mandates issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations (UN), or World Economic Forum (WEF).
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
HB350 Roll Call 1546438

6. Red Flag Law Ban

Prohibits local governments from enacting or enforcing extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs), commonly known as red flag laws, and bars local governments from receiving state or federal funds related to the enforcement of ERPOs.
Read More Constitutional Vote: Yes
HB809 Roll Call 1547433

How did they vote?

Grid View
Legend: Constitutional Unconstitutional Did not vote
Name Party Score 1 2 3 4 5 6
Becky Beard R 100%
Kenneth Bogner R 67%
Ellie Boldman D 17%
Mike Cuffe R 67%
Willis Curdy D 17%
Mary Dunwell D 17%
Janet Ellis D 17%
Jason Ellsworth R 50%
Daniel Emrich R 67%
John Esp R 67%
Dave Fern D 33%
Pat Flowers D 20%
John Fuller R 50%
Wylie Galt R 83%
Bruce Gillespie R 33%
Carl Glimm R 67%
Derek Harvey D 17%
Denise Hayman D 17%
Greg Hertz R 40%
Gregg Hunter R 33%
Josh Kassmier R 33%
Emma Kerr-Carpenter D 17%
Gayle Lammers R 33%
Dennis Lenz R 50%
Denley Loge R 50%
Forrest J. Mandeville R 83%
Theresa Manzella R 83%
Tom McGillvray R 83%
Wendy McKamey R 17%
Jacinda Morigeau D 17%
Shane Morigeau D 50%
Cora Neumann D 17%
Mark Noland R 67%
Sara Novak D 17%
Andrea Olsen D 17%
Bob Phalen R 83%
Christopher Pope D 17%
Matt Regier R 50%
Vince Ricci R 67%
Laura Smith D 17%
Russel Tempel R 33%
Tony Tezak R 83%
Jeremy Trebas R 67%
Barry Usher R 60%
Shelley Vance R 50%
Sue Vinton — 60%
Susan Webber D 20%
Jonathan Windy Boy D 17%
Michael Yakawich R 50%
Daniel Zolnikov R 67%

Average Freedom Score by Party

PartyScore
Democrat20.1%
Republican59.1%
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